Select and Locate Trees to Avoid Damage to Property

While trees can be very useful in protecting materials and finishes from harsh sunlight (Chapter 6) and reducing cooling loads in the summer (Chapter 5), and even sheltering buildings from high winds—there are considerations to address when planting trees around a home (or situating a new home among existing trees) in high-wind regions. Some basic guidance can be gleaned from looking at those species, characteristics, and conditions which have demonstrated a successful survival rate under previous severe storms and hurricanes.

1. 1. The following species have performed well during Florida hurricanes over a 10-year period between 1995 and 2005: live oak, sand live oak, and sabal palm. Crape myrtle and bald cypress also have withstood major storms.
2. Select trees that attain a maximum height of 30’ or less, and display open branching patterns. Such trees present less surface area for the wind to blow against and allow the wind to pass through the canopy rather than exert pressure that can topple it.
3. Plant trees in groups rather than individually, but allow enough spacing between them for a strong root system to develop. Recommended distance between trees is approximately the expected diameter of the canopy at maturity.
4. Avoid trees that have shallow root systems such as Bradford pears. Likewise, avoid species that become brittle and break or split easily when mature. Examples include poplars and aspens.
5. Selective pruning of branches in tree canopies by a knowledgeable arborist can thin the crown and reduce wind loads on the tree.