Definition of “intersection”

The central legal issue around which all other issues are derived is the fundamental relationship between a roundabout and the legal definition of an “intersection.” A roundabout could be legally defined one of two ways:

• As a single intersection; or
• As a series of T-intersections.

The UVC does not provide clear guidance on the appropriate definition of an intersection with respect to roundabouts. The UVC generally defines an “intersection” as the area bounded by the projection of the boundary lines of the approaching roadways (UVC §1-132a). It also specifies that where a highway includes two roadways 9.1 m (30 ft) or more apart, each crossing shall be regarded as a separate intersection (UVC §1-132b). This may imply that most circular intersections should be regarded as a series of T-intersections. This distinction has ramifications in the interpretation of the other elements identified in this section.

This guide recommends that a roundabout be specifically defined as a single intersection, regardless of the size of the roundabout. This intersection should be defined as the area bounded by the limits of the pedestrian crossing areas around the perimeter of a single central island. Closely spaced roundabouts with multiple central islands should be defined as separate intersections, as each roundabout is typically designed to operate independently.