Models of Ethics

There are various philosophical models and standards to ethics. The decision as to what constitutes ethical or unethical behavior may vary, depending upon the model applied to the situation. In this module, we’ll look at specific cases from the perspectives of various models, including the following:

Malpractice, or Minimalist, Model
This is a minimalist model in which the professional is concerned only with meeting standards and requirements of the profession and any other laws or codes that apply. This model looks to find fault when problems or accidents arise from someone’s failure to meet a requirement.

Reasonable-Care, or Due-Care, Model
A model of engineering practice in which the engineer is expected to take reasonable precautions or care in the practice of his profession. The model strives to prevent harm, and it appeals to a “standard of reasonableness as seen by a normal, prudent nonprofessional.”

Good Works Model
A model of engineering practice in which engineers go beyond the basics of what is required by standards and codes and do what they “ought” to do to improve product safety, social health or social well-being.